Safety vest for use in worker protection systems

ABSTRACT

Systems and methods are provided for worker protection. A safety vest may be configured to support worker protection receiver function in worker protection systems. Components used in conjunction with the receiver functions may be integrated into the safety vest. The components may include one or more antennas, radio receiver (or transceiver) circuitry, integrated power supply source, indication components, and acknowledgement components. The safety vest may generate safety alerts in response to receiving signals from peer transmitter devices in the worker protection systems.

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This patent application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/623,996, filed on Jun. 15, 2017, which in turnis a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/078,427, filed on Mar. 23, 2016. This patent application also makesreference to, claims priority to and claims benefit from U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/605,486, filed on Aug. 15,2017.

Each of above identified applications is hereby incorporated herein byreference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to safety solutionsparticularly in conjunction with railway systems. More specifically,various implementations of the present disclosure relate to safety veststhat can be integrated into worker protection systems.

BACKGROUND

Various issues may exist with conventional approaches for workerprotection in conjunction with railway systems. In this regard,conventional systems and methods, if any existed, for worker protectionin conjunction with dangers posed by work on or near tracks, can becostly, inefficient, and/or ineffective.

Further limitations and disadvantages of conventional and traditionalapproaches will become apparent to one of skill in the art, throughcomparison of such systems with some aspects of the present disclosureas set forth in the remainder of the present application with referenceto the drawings.

BRIEF SUMMARY

System and methods are provided for safety vests that can be integratedinto worker protection systems, substantially as shown in and/ordescribed in connection with at least one of the figures, as set forthmore completely in the claims.

These and other advantages, aspects and novel features of the presentdisclosure, as well as details of an illustrated embodiment thereof,will be more fully understood from the following description anddrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A illustrates an example work protection system, in accordancewith the present disclosure.

FIG. 1B illustrates example use scenarios of a work protection system,in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 2A illustrates an example portable alert device (PAD), inaccordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 2B illustrates an example charging station for use in conjunctionwith portable alert devices (PADs), in accordance with the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example vehicle alert device (VAD), in accordancewith the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example wayside detection unit (WDU), inaccordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example safety vest, in accordance with thepresent disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As utilized herein the terms “circuits” and “circuitry” refer tophysical electronic components (e.g., hardware) and any software and/orfirmware (“code”) which may configure the hardware, be executed by thehardware, and or otherwise be associated with the hardware. As usedherein, for example, a particular processor and memory may comprise afirst “circuit” when executing a first one or more lines of code and maycomprise a second “circuit” when executing a second one or more lines ofcode. As utilized herein, “and/or” means any one or more of the items inthe list joined by “and/or”. As an example, “x and/or y” means anyelement of the three-element set {(x), (y), (x, y)}. In other words, “xand/or y” means “one or both of x and y.” As another example, “x, y,and/or z” means any element of the seven-element set {(x), (y), (z), (x,y), (x, z), (y, z), (x, y, z)}. In other words, “x, y and/or z” means“one or more of x, y, and z.” As utilized herein, the term “exemplary”means serving as a non-limiting example, instance, or illustration. Asutilized herein, the terms “for example” and “e.g.” set off lists of oneor more non-limiting examples, instances, or illustrations. As utilizedherein, circuitry is “operable” to perform a function whenever thecircuitry comprises the necessary hardware and code (if any isnecessary) to perform the function, regardless of whether performance ofthe function is disabled or not enabled (e.g., by a user-configurablesetting, factory trim, etc.).

FIG. 1A illustrates an example work protection system, in accordancewith the present disclosure. Shown in FIG. 1A is a worker protectionsystem 100, which may be used in providing and/or enhancing workerssafety, particularly with regard to dangers posed by trains in railwaywork environments.

The worker protection system 100 is a proximity warning system operableto issue alerts (e.g., to railroad worker(s) 105) when a particularvehicle (e.g., a train 101) is approaching. In this regard, the workerprotection system 100 comprises one or more devices or components, eachcomprising suitable hardware (including, e.g., circuitry), software, orany combination thereof configured for supporting worker protectionrelated operations or functions.

For example, the worker protection system 100, as shown in FIG. 1A,comprises one or more wearable devices, referred to as portable alertdevices (PADs) 110, which are worn by worker(s) 105. The PADs 110communicate with one or more companion devices, which are configured todirectly trigger (and transmit to the PADs 110) alerts, or transmitsignals causing issuing of alerts by the PADs 110. The companion devicescomprise vehicle-mounted companion devices, referred to as vehicle alertdevices (VADs) 120, mounted on vehicles (e.g., the train 101) that maypose danger to the workers, and/or stand-alone devices that are placedin “wayside” manner—that along or near path of the approaching object(e.g., track 103 traversed by the train 101), referred to waysidedetection units (WDUs) 130, which are portable devices placed by theworkers 105 at the work site. The VAD 120 is configured to triggeralerts under particular conditions—e.g., when it detects it isapproaching a crew equipped with the corresponding wearable devices(PADs 110). The VAD 120 may also be configured to alert the vehicleoperator—that workers are in proximity, and may provide additionalinformation in this regard (e.g., display the number of detectedworkers, indicate distance to workers, indicate whether workers haveconfirmed the alarm, etc.). Similarly, the WDU 130 is configured totrigger alerts under particular conditions, such as when it detects theapproaching vehicle (the train 101). In this regard, the WDU 130 may beused when no VADs 120 are being used, or even when VADs 120 areutilized, such as to provide redundant warning capabilities withadditional range.

The PAD 110 may be designed and configured as small and light device,with low profile so as not to impede normal working activities of theworker(s) 105 wearing it. For example, the PAD 110 may be worn by eithera clip, arm band or belt clip. The PAD 110 is operable to issue anindication (e.g., audio, visual, tactile, etc.) to alert the workerwearing it of an approaching object (that poses a safety concern). Forexample, the PAD 110 may comprise audio warning component (e.g., aspeaker), a visual warning component (e.g., a multi-color LEDindicator), tactile indicator component (e.g., vibration), etc. Further,the PAD 110 may be operable to enable the user to provide feedback inresponse to issued alarm indication. For example, the PAD 110 maycomprise an alert acknowledgement element, such as a confirmation buttonto silence alarms (i.e., a “mute” or “confirm” switch). To improve andoptimize wearability of the PAD 110, its housing may be designed toinclude various features to support multiple mounting locations and/orapproaches (e.g., clipped on the user's clothing/equipment, around theuser's wrist, etc.) and/or be integrated directly into a safety vest.The PAD 110 may be configurable to provide alerts adaptively based onparticular pre-set conditions—e.g., to provide at least a 15 secondwarning in line of sight conditions, when a train is approaching at 60mph.

The VAD 120 may be configured either as a portable device (e.g., broughtinto and that may be mounted to vehicles only when needed), or aspermanently mounted or integrated component (of vehicles). Implementingthe VAD 120, which typically is the most costly component of the system,as a detachable device may be desirable as it allows use of small numberof the VADs 120, being only moved into and used on vehicles beingoperated, thus reducing the deployment cost significantly. The VAD 120may be operable to broadcast signals that are specifically configured tointerfaces with the wearable devices (PADs 110) and may also interfacewith the wayside unit (WDU 130) to provide increased distance. Further,in some instances the VAD 120 may be operable to, when worker(s) is/aredetected, provide indication to the operator(s) of the vehicle, such asby displaying and/or sounding warnings. In some instances, the VAD 120may provide detailed information (rather than generic warning), such asindicating the quantity of workers detected, and the approximatedistance to the workers.

While the VAD 120 is illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B as a singularphysical component, incorporating all components (including antennas),the disclosure is not so limited, and in some instances VADS may beimplemented to support distributed arrangements—e.g., comprising aplurality of physical units, which may be placed at different locationsor positions within the vehicles. For example, VADs may comprise a firstphysical unit comprising the antennas (and related circuitry or othersupport components), and one or more other physical units housing theremaining components of the VADs. In this regard, the physical antennaunit may be configured for optimal placement (e.g., on roof of front carin train) which may be deemed optimal based on one or more placementcriteria (e.g., optimal broadcast characteristics, maximum safety tooperators and other individuals on train, such as passengers, etc.).

The WDU 130 is configured to operate as stand-alone device, placed on ornear the path of the object(s) being detected. For example, the WDU 130may be attached to placement component (e.g., a tripod), and istemporarily placed near the track 103. The placement of the WDU 130 maybe subject to particular criteria—e.g., no closer than certain distance(for example, four feet) to the nearest rail, at or in advance of eachend of a work zone. The WDU 130 broadcasts a signal when a train orvehicle passes. The WDU 130 may have dual functionality as it mayinterface with the VAD while also broadcasting signals to PADs. The WDU130 may be utilized in areas where trains or other vehicles may not havevehicle mounted companion devices (e.g., VADs 120). Nonetheless, thedisclosure is not so limited, and in some instances all three types ofdevices may work together, as described below.

In certain implementations, the WDUs 130 may be configured to operate asrepeaters, for forwarding messages between the PADs 110 and the VADs120. For example, in some instances direct, line-of-sight (LOS)communications may not be possible between the VADs and the PADs 110,such as due to the nature of the track (e.g., around curves) and/orsurrounding terrain (e.g., hills, valleys, etc.), and such directcommunication may not become available until it may be too late (e.g.,due to speed of train, distance between train and workers, etc.). Thus,the WDUs 130 may be placed at optimal positions where they may receivesignals from one element (e.g., VADs 120) and relay the signals to theother element (e.g., PADs 110). In other words, the position of the WDUs130 may be selected such that they may have direct, LOS communicationwith the PADs 110 on one side, and with the approaching VADs 120 on theother side.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, mayincorporate various solutions for providing worker alerts (particularly,e.g., for railway work environments) in enhanced and adaptive manner.For example, the worker protection system 100 may be configured totrigger alerts based on speed, at least in part, rather than simplybased on distance between workers and approaching trains. In thisregard, the worker protection system 100 may be configured to utilizethe approach speed to appropriately time to the alert so that the alertsare not triggered too late, but also are not triggered too early causingthe workers 105 to start ignoring and suppressing alerts (e.g., on veryslow moving or stationary vehicles), until the vehicle is actually apotential threat. Thus, the distance at which the alerts are triggeredmay be based on the speed of the vehicles. For example, for trainsapproaching at speeds under 4 mph, no alerts are triggered until thetrain is within 100 feet, whereas for a train approaching at 30 mph thealerts are triggered when the train is within 1000 feet. The workerprotection system 100 may also be configured to trigger alerts based ondistance in adaptive manner. For example, the worker protection system100 may be configured to trigger alerts based on changes in the distancebetween workers and approaching trains—e.g., with the alerts beingtriggered only where the distance is decreasing (and/or particularlyfalls below particular value), and not triggered when the distanceremains constant or is increasing. In other words, the triggering (ornot) of alerts may be configured to be based on the directionality—thatis direction of movement of the train in relation to the workers. Theconditions at which the alerts are triggered (e.g., speed, distances, orcombinations thereof) may be configurable.

Various aspects of the alert related operations (triggering criteria)and/or associated functions (e.g., logging) may be location-dependent.As such, worker protection systems in accordance with the presentdisclose (e.g., the worker protection system 100) may support use ofpositioning solutions (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)technologies, such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, etc.), to enable obtaininglocation/positioning information that may be used in alert relatedoperations or functions. This may be done by incorporating into thevarious devices (e.g., the PADs 110, the VADs 120, and the WDUs 130)dedicated GNSS resources (e.g., receivers, antennas, etc.) and/or byconfiguring them to use existing GNSS resources where possible (e.g.,use of existing positioning application in the train 101 by the VAD120).

The alerts may be triggered only when a preset (programmed) alerttrigger threshold is satisfied (e.g., vehicle's speed exceedingparticular limit, distance to workers falling below particular value,etc.). In certain implementation, multiple threshold types may be used.For example, in one example implementation, three alert threshold typesmay be used: time-to-arrival (TTA), distance-from-train (DFT), andlow-speed close proximity distance alert (CPD). These different types ofthresholds may be applicable at different conditions. For example, atlow speeds, below a configurable speed threshold, the workers will notget TTA or DFT alerts; rather, the alert triggering is held off untilthe train/vehicle comes within a programmed short distance. This mayavoid triggering DFT alert prematurely (time-wise), when it still mightbe a long time (e.g., minutes) until the train arrives due to its lowspeed.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, maysupport location-specific rule customization. For example, an operator(e.g., a transit agency) may desire modified alerting rules atparticular areas/locations (e.g., due to unique geography, or greaterdifficulty in seeking safe shelter, etc.). Thus, alert devices that areintended for use in such areas/locations may be reconfigureddynamically. This may be done by use of (re-)customization stations atentry points to those areas/locations, to reconfigure the alert devicesdynamically. This may be done using near field communication rulemodification. The alert units may be placed in proximity to thecustomization stations briefly, and the rules are then updated. Further,indications (e.g., visual, audible, etc.) of successful (or failed) rulechanges may be provided. In some instances, the special/customized rulesmay be configured to expire, such as after a certain period of time,after next power down or charging cycle, etc.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beconfigured to provide alerts for both the vehicle operator as well asall workers. The worker protection system 100 may be configurable basedon user preferences and/or parameters. For example, the workerprotection system 100 may be configured to operate (trigger alerts)within operator-configurable combinations of distances, speeds,location, etc. Further, the PADs 110 may be customized to operateaccording to individual organizations' rules and regulations.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beoperable to allow assignment and/or unique identification ofvehicle-mounted units (i.e., VADs 120), such that the wearable units(PADs 110), as well as the wayside units (WDUs 130) would only respondto alerts corresponding to particular tracks. In other words, each VAD120 would be identified uniquely, and assigned to a particular track, toenable only PADs 110 and/or WDUs 130 used by workers on that particulartrack to respond to alerts triggered by that VAD 120, while ignoringother VADs 120 (thus avoiding false alerts).

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, mayprovide information relating to the objects triggering (or that maytrigger) alerts, particularly in audible manner. For example, the workerprotection system 100 (or particularly the PADs 110) may be configuredto provide voice outputs relying information relating to the approachingtrains (e.g., train identifier or other identification information,track identifier or other identification information for the track beingused, direction of train movement (north, east, west, etc.), and thelike). The information may be provided by the VADs 120, being embeddedinto alerts signals and/or signals triggering alerts.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beconfigured to utilize and/or support customized alerts. For example,each of the system users (e.g., the workers 105) may customize thealerts that would be issued in case of hazards (e.g., approachingtrains). The customization may comprise specify particularcharacteristics, such as specifying particular tone, music, etc. for usewhen alerts are triggered. The customization may also comprise definingand/or selecting particular types of alerts. For example, supervisorsmay configured and/or specify alerts that are triggered when one or moreof the workers are not detected within the work zone. Such alert may bedifferent (e.g., utilize different tone) than the alerts triggered basedon approaching trains.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beconfigured to provide optimized power performance (e.g., power supply,power consumption, etc.). In this regard, the power supply may beadaptively selected and/or configured for each of different devices inthe worker protection system 100, based on the type and/or workingconditions for the device. For example, the PAD 110 may be powered usingintegrated power supply (e.g., batteries or similar power sources). Inthis regard, rechargeable batteries may be used, allowing the rechargingof the device when not in use (e.g., being inserted or docked intocharging stations at the end of each day to be charged for work thefollowing day. The VAD 120 may be powered by the vehicle to which it ismounted or integrated. The WDU 130 may be powered using integrated powersupply (e.g., batteries or similar power sources), which may berechargeable.

Further, certain solutions may be incorporated and/or used to enhanceoverall power consumption. For example, the PAD 110 may be configured tosupport one or more power-saving modes (e.g., modes with the PAD 110, orat least some of the components thereof, transitioning to lowfunctionality states, or completely shutting down). The PAD 110 may beoperable to facilitate transitioning back to full functionality (orpowering up) when necessary. For example, the PAD 110 may be configuredto automatically shut down when it is not being used (e.g., when placedin a charger or docking bay for recharging). Further, the PAD 110 may beoperable to dynamically determine when to transition to (or from) powersaving modes. For example, the PAD 110 may comprise a component (e.g.,accelerometer) for determining when the device is idle for an extendedperiod of time, and respond to that by entering power saving mode (e.g.,shut down, or operate with less frequent polling). Such accelerometerdetects the lack of motion for a period of time to enter thepower-saving mode; then trigger return to normal operating mode whenmovement is detected.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beconfigured to provide logging and data recording. The logging and datarecording may be used, for example, for training, for location tracking,and/or for even recreating (e.g., during accident investigation). Forexample, the PAD 110 may comprise circuitry for data recording and/orlogging—e.g., to compile downloadable log files, which may be accessible(remotely, such as via any available communication means, or by directconnection to the PAD 110, such as when the device is docked forrecharging). Such log files are then available to allow examination ofalerts as well as related events and/or activities (e.g., users'responses, such as alert silencing actions). The VADs 120 and/or theWDUs 130 may similarly be configured to support logging of workerprotection/alert related information, such as by also compilingdownloadable log files that are available when needed. The log files maycontain data recording triggered alerts and related information (e.g.,alerts' times and/or location, distances to workers and traveling speedwithin work zone workers' acknowledgment or response actions, etc.), aswell as other information relating to, e.g., faults, mechanical shockover thresholds, etc. Further, logs may include GPS positioninginformation (e.g., coordinate of locations of alerts), time of events,compass bearing, received signal strength, and antenna used, whenavailable.

In certain implementations, logging and data recording functionsprovided by worker protection systems in accordance with the presentdisclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may be configuredto support additional information and/or for additional services. Forexample, the logging functions, particularly those provided in the PADs110 worn by the workers 105, may be configured to maintain regularrecords of the workers 105 (e.g., information relating to workers'whereabouts and/or movement), particularly when the workers 105 are orshould be at the work site. This information may be used, such as toverify the presence of the workers at the work sites and/or to analyzeactions of the workers with respect to approaching trains.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beincorporate various communication techniques for optimizing performance,with respect to the broadcast, reception, and processing of signals usedin triggering alerts. For example, the PAD 110 may incorporate diversityantennas of identical or differing polarity, to improve signal receptionreliability. Use of such diversity antennas (with corresponding signalprocessing functions) allows for improved performance in certainconditions, such as when the worker 105 is not in the optimal positionof antenna orientation.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beconfigured to provide backward compatibility with existing protectionsolutions and/or protocols. Further, it may be particularly designed andimplemented such that it may be integrated into future communicationsbased train control systems.

In certain implementations, multiple devices in worker protectionsystems in accordance with the present disclosure, such as the workerprotection system 100, may be configured to operate collaboratively, toensure that alerts are received by all workers. For example, the PADs110 and/or the WDUs 130 may be configured to relay alerts (e.g., ofapproaching trains) to other devices nearby, thus improving the fieldstrength of warning signals, by increasing the probability that allnearby PADs 110 receive the alert (even devices that may have not beenable to receive the signals/alerts directly).

In certain implementations, multiple devices in worker protectionsystems in accordance with the present disclosure, such as the workerprotection system 100, configured for operating collaboratively may beoperable to arrange the communications between them to ensure optimalperformance. For example, the PAD 110 closest to the approaching trainand/or is in optimal position for detection and/or communication withthe approach train may initiate a chain of communication in cascadingmanner, to notify the other PADs 110 and/or relay alerts or alerttriggering signals to those PADs. Further, the PADs 110 may optimize thelinks among them, such as by use of ranging techniques and the like, todetermine optimal communication configurations (e.g., type, parameters,etc.). Determining the device closest (or in optimal position) fordetecting and communicating with the approaching train may be done inadaptive manner. For example, the PADs 110 may swarm to determine whichdevice is the closest or in optimal position for that task.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beconfigured to forward alerts and/or information relating to alerts toother recipients (beside the workers 105). For example, the WDUs 130 maybe configured to issue warnings to pre-assigned recipients (e.g.,supervisors) if the WDUs 130 fail to detect and/or to receiveacknowledgements from PADs 110 (e.g., from at least one PAD 110associated with particular work site) when detecting an approachingtrain and/or receiving alerts (or alert triggering signals) from theapproaching train.

In certain implementations, worker protection systems in accordance withthe present disclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, may beconfigured to generate alarms, relating to status of particular elementsand/or users of the systems, which may be configured to transmittal toother recipients (beside the workers 105). For example, the WDUs 130 maybe configured to generate and send alarms to particular recipients(e.g., supervisors), who may be pre-defined or specified dynamically(e.g., by input into the WDUs 130 when deployed) in particularsituations, such as when/if the WDUs 130 fail to detect and/or toreceive acknowledgements from PADs 110 (e.g., from at least one PAD 110associated with particular work site). Such alarm function may beperformed independent of the alert related operations—that is, it may bedone even where no trains are approaching the work zone. For example,the WDUs 130 may be associated (e.g., dynamically, when being deployed,at the work zone) with a list of PADs 110. The WDUs 130 may then monitorthe PADs 110, such as by detecting them at periodic intervals. When oneof the PADs 110 is not detected, alarms may be generated andcommunicated to particular designated recipient(s), who may be local (atthe work zone) or remote (e.g., at a central facility). The alarmrecipient(s) may be pre-assigned and/or may be assigned dynamically(e.g., input into the WDUs 130, when being deployed).

In certain implementations, particular elements of worker protectionsystems in accordance with the present disclosure, such as the workerprotection system 100, may be configured to provide additional functionsand/or services, particularly in support of alert operations and/oroverall safety. For example, the WDUs 130 may be configured to functionas beacons broadcasting information unrelated to particular threats. TheWDUs 130 may broadcast, for example, alerts to indicate presence ofactive work zones and/or to warn others (e.g., non-worker in thevicinity) not to approach the work zone. In other words, such alerts maynot be related to and/or triggered by particular trains (and/or whentrains approach the work zone), and may serve as indication of thehazards posed by the work zone to non-workers who may approach thatzone. The alerts may be configured as unique alerts—e.g., using uniqueidentifiers associated with the work zones.

The various devices (PADs, VADs, WDUs) used in the worker protectionsystems may be designed and/or implemented to meet certain operationalrequirements (relating to, e.g., shock/vibration, temperature/humidity,salt conditions, icing, hose down, electrostatic discharge (ESD),electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), electromagnetic interference (EMI),electromagnetic compatibility, etc.) in accordance with particularstandards that may be pertinent to the related industries (MIL-STD-810,AREMA 11.5.1, IEC 61000-4, SAE J1113, CISPR 22, FCC Title 47,Association of American Railroads (AAR) All Applicable AAR S-9401,etc.).

Accordingly, worker protection systems in accordance with the presentdisclosure, such as the worker protection system 100, with many of thecomponents being portable and/or configurable, offer portability andease of configuration, allowing them to be set up in any workenvironment seamlessly.

FIG. 1B illustrates example use scenarios of a work protection system(e.g., the work protection system 100 of FIG. 1A), in accordance withthe present disclosure. In this regard, the different use scenarios maybe based on which of and how the different devices in the workprotection system 100—that is the PADs 110, the VADs 120, and the WDUs130—interact during operation of the system, to provide the intendedprotection.

For example, in a first use scenario (denoted as ‘A’ in FIG. 1B), onlyworker wearable devices (PADs 110) and vehicle-mounted devices (VADs120) are used—i.e., no wayside devices (WDUs 130) are used. In otherwords, as shown in FIG. 1B, the train 101 is equipped with a VAD 120,which broadcasts signals to interface with the PADs 120 worn byworker(s) 105, to detect if the train 101 is in proximity where an alarmis activated. In this regard, the PADs 120 will issue an alert (e.g.,audible alarm) once they are detected by any train-based VAD 120, suchas within a specified distance. On the vehicle side, the VAD 120 mayfurther provide information to the operator when the PADs 120 aredetected. For example, a user interface may indicate such information ashow many PADs 120 (and thus worker(s) 105) are present within thespecified distance. Further, the workers and/or operators may respond toissued alarms—e.g., silencing them, such as by acknowledging them on thewearable devices and/or on the user interface of the vehicle mounteddevices.

In a second use scenario (denoted as ‘B’ in FIG. 1B), no vehicle-mounteddevices (VADs 120) are used; rather, the worker wearable devices (PADs110) are only in communication with the wayside devices (WDUs 130). Inthis regard, the wayside devices monitor for and detect approachingvehicles (e.g., the train 101), broadcast alarms (or signals triggeringalarms) when a vehicle is in proximity (e.g., determined when atparticular distance from the wayside device and/or moving at particularspeed). For example, when the train 101 is detected by the WDU 130(e.g., when it passes it, or moves within certain distance from it, atparticular speed), it sends a proximity warning to all local PADs 110.Once the alarms is triggered at the wearable devices, they may continueuntil acknowledged by the workers—e.g., audible alarms continue untilsilenced, such as by hitting a “confirm” button.

In a third use scenario (denoted as ‘C’ in FIG. 1B), all three types ofdevices—that is worker wearable devices (PADs 110), vehicle-mounteddevices (VADs 120) and wayside devices (WDUs 130)—are used, and maycommunicate with one another to provide the desired protection. In suchscenarios, a worker wearable device may be activated and/or triggered byvehicle-mounted devices as well as wayside devices, for redundancy (thusenhanced protection). For example, the train 101 may be equipped withthe VAD 120, which may communicate directly with the WDU 120 as thetrain 101 approaches it, such as when the train 101 is at a specifieddistance. In response, the WDU 130 may send proximity warnings (triggeralarms) to all local PADs 110. Under certain conditions (e.g., atparticular distance and/or speed), the VAD 120 may communicate directlywith the local PADs 110, to trigger alarm (which may be configureddifferently, such as for heightened risk).

Various techniques and/or approaches may be used for the detectionand/or triggering of alerts. For example, in one particularimplementation, the PADs 110 may be configured to periodically broadcastpings (e.g., chirp spread spectrum (CSS) based pings, in the 2.4 GHzfrequency band). When the pings are received by the VAD 120, the systemmay initiate range measurements, whereby both the VAD and PAD determinethe distance to the companion device. The result of the distancemeasurement may cause the PADs 110 to trigger and issue alerts to theworkers 105. The pings and/or the alerts (or alert triggering signals)may be forwarded by the WDUs 130. The distance measurement result mayalso cause the VAD 120 to trigger and issue an alert to the vehicle 101operator.

FIG. 2A illustrates an example portable alert device (PAD), inaccordance with the present disclosure. Shown in FIG. 2A is a portablealert device (PAD) 200.

The PAD 200 may comprise suitable one or more of hardware (includingcircuitry and/or other hardware components), software, and combinationthereof for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure,particularly with respect to the support of portable wearablefunctionality in worker protection solutions, as described above. ThePAD 200 may be a particular example implementation of the PAD 110, asdescribed with respect to FIGS. 1A and 1B. In this regard, as notedabove PADs may be configured as portable devices that are wearable byusers (e.g., workers) to provide alerts regarding approaching vehiclesthat may pose safety threats to workers at particular locations. The PAD200 is operable to perform such functions, in support of work protectionsystems in accordance with the present disclosure, as receiving alerts(or triggering alerts in response to broadcast warning signals) andproviding alert indications to the user (the worker wearing the device),as well as additional alert related functions, such logging alertrelated data, etc.

In the example implementation illustrated in FIG. 2A, the PAD 200 maycomprise a housing 210 for enclosing various components of the PAD 200.The housing 210 may be constructed to be suitable for the intendedoperations (and environment and/or conditions thereof) of the PAD 200(e.g., strong enough to withstand harsh work environment but lightenough as to not encumber the worker or hinder his/her activities), andto withstand environmental conditions associated with outside/externaluse (e.g., rain, extreme cold/heat), etc.).

The PAD 200 may comprise (or may be integrated with) an attachmentstructure 260, for facilitating the wearability of the PAD 200, byenabling the PAD 200 to be attached to the worker and/or to item used bythe worker (e.g., clothing, equipment, etc.). In this regard, the PAD200 may support various types of attachment structures, to allow workerto select preferable way for apply the device. For example, as shown inFIG. 2A, the PAD 200 may comprise or be coupled to a clip structure 260,so that the PAD 200 may be clipped onto the worker's clothing, belt,etc. In another implementation (not shown), the PAD 200 may comprise orbe coupled to a strap structure, so that the PAD 200 may be attachedaround the worker's wrist.

The PAD 200 has one or more antennas 240, which may be integrated orenclosed within the housing 210, configured for transmitting and/orreceiving signals (e.g., broadcast alert related signals). As notedabove, PADs may support use of various optimization techniques,including use of diversity, and as such the antennas 240 may comprisediversity antennas of identical or differing polarity.

The PAD 200 may have an integrated/internal power supply 230, forpowering the various components of the PAD 200. In this regard, thepower supply 230 may be rechargeable. For example, charging stations (anexample of which is described with respect to FIG. 2B) may be used. Therecharging of the power supply 230 may be done in various ways,including by use of charging stations (an example of which is describedwith respect to FIG. 2B) for example. In this regard, the PAD 200 may beconnected (e.g., coupled, inserted, docked, etc.) to the chargingstation when it is not being used (e.g., at the end of each day) to becharged.

The PAD 200 may comprise suitable circuitry 220 for performing variousoperations in support of its functions. For example, the circuitry 220may be operable to store data (including code); run and/or executevarious applications and/or functions (alert related); handletransmission and/or reception of signals (and processing transmittedand/or received signals); provide power management; manage loggingoperations in the PAD 200; and handle input/output functions (e.g.,supporting different forms of alert indications, including visual,audio, and/or tactile, and handling user input, such as acknowledges ofalerts).

As shown in FIG. 2A, the PAD 200 comprises a visual indicator (e.g.,LED) 212 and an audio indicator (e.g., speaker) 214, which areintegrated into the housing 210, and are configured to provide visualand/or audio indication in response to triggering of alerts. Also,within the housing 210, the PAD 200 comprises a vibration motor 234,which may be configured to cause vibrations in response to triggering ofalerts. The PAD 200 may be configured to use one or more of availableindications means—e.g., one or more of visual, audio, and tactileindications. This may be done based on pre-set criteria, user selectedpreferences, dynamic configuration of the device, etc.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the PAD 200 comprises a confirmationbutton 216, which is configured to receive indication of useracknowledgment (e.g., by pressing the confirmation button 216), whenalert indication(s) is/are outputted. In some instances, the PAD 200may, in response to receiving user confirmations, generate and transmitacknowledge messages, to other alert devices (e.g., PADs, WDUs, and/orVADs broadcasting and/or forwarding signals triggering alerts that wereconfirmed).

In some example implementations, PADs in accordance with the presentdisclosure (such as, e.g., the PAD 200) may not have any openings forconnectors or the like (for enhanced rigidity and/or protection againstthe elements). The functions of the PADs may be configured to accountfor and/or accommodate such design.

For example, only wireless communications are used such as using nearfield communications (NFC), for communication of data, and charging ofthe power supply fs performed indirectly, such as using magneticinduction. Thus, as shown in FIG. 2A, the PAD 200 comprises a NFCcomponent 236 for supporting NFC transmission and/or reception. Further,the PAD 200 comprises a charging element 232, for enabling (re)chargingthe power supply 230 in connectless manner—e.g., without requiringplugging a power cord or other wired cabling. The charging element 232may comprise an inductive charging coil, for example. The PAD may alsoinclude an environmentally sealed button to allow the operator toperform alarm confirmation and silencing.

In certain implementations, PADs may be configured to utilize their NFCresources for enabling certain operations (e.g., input of information,etc.) in convenient and quick manner. For example, the NFC component 236may be configured to operate as RFID (Radio-frequency identification)reader, such as to allow assigning information (e.g., assigningparticular track number associate with particular work zone), to(de-)activate the PAD 200, etc.

FIG. 2B illustrates an example charging station for use in conjunctionwith portable alert devices (PADs), in accordance with the presentdisclosure. Shown in FIG. 2B is a PAD charging station 280, which may beused in conjunction with portable alert devices (PADs), such as the PAD200 of FIG. 2A.

The PAD charging station 280 may comprise suitable one or more ofhardware (including circuitry and/or other hardware components),software, and combination thereof for implementing various aspects ofthe present disclosure, particularly with respect to the support ofportable alert devices (PADs). In this regard, the main function of thePAD charging station 280 may be (re)charging PADs (e.g., the PAD 200 ofFIG. 2A). The PAD charging station 280 may support additional functions,however. For example, the PAD charging station 280 may support and/orfacilitate exchange of data with the PADs, such as to enable extractionof data from the PADs (e.g., log files) and/or input of data into thePAD (e.g., (re)configuration data), etc.

As shown in the example implementation illustrated in FIG. 2B, the PADcharging station 280 may comprise a housing 290 for enclosing variouscomponents of the PAD 200. The housing 290 may be constructed to besuitable for intended uses and/or functions of the PAD charging station280. For example, the housing 290 may be configured such that it definesa space into which the supported PADs (e.g., the PAD 200 of FIG. 2A) maybe inserted and/or docked.

The PAD charging station 280 may comprise various components forsupporting and/or enabling charging power supplies of supported PADs. Inthis regard, the PAD charging station 280 (and charging relatedcomponents thereof) may be configured to facilitate the charging in themanner required by the supported PADs. For example, in the exampleimplementation illustrated in FIG. 2B, the PAD charging station 280comprises a charging element 282 integrated within the housing 290, andconfigured for supporting recharging in connectless manner. The chargingelement 282 may comprise an indicative charging coil, for example, forenabling (re)charging by induction.

The PAD charging station 280 may comprise a data port 286 for extractingdata from and/or inputting data into the PADs, while docked into the PADcharging station 280. Further, the PAD charging station 280 may comprisesuitable communication circuitry for facilitating the actual exchange ofdata with the docked PADs. For example, the data exchanges may be donevia near field communication (NFC) connections, and as such the PADcharging station 280 may comprise an NFC component 288 for supportingsuch communications.

In some instances, the PAD charging station 280 may comprise inputand/or output (I/O) component for use in conjunction with operations ofthe PAD charging station 280. For example, the PAD charging station 280may comprise a visual status indictor (e.g., LED) 284, integrated withinthe housing 290, to provide useful feedback (e.g., indication whencharging, data extraction, data input, etc. is complete).

FIG. 3 illustrates an example Vehicle Alert Device (VAD), in accordancewith the present disclosure. Shown in FIG. 3 is a vehicle alert device(VAD) 300.

The VAD 300 may comprise suitable one or more of hardware (includingcircuitry and/or other hardware components), software, and combinationthereof for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure,particularly with respect to the vehicle-mounted functionality insupport of worker protection. The VAD 300 may be a particular exampleimplementation of the VAD 120, as described with respect to FIGS. 1A and1B. In this regard, as noted above VADs may be configured as portable(moveable) devices or as permanent components integrated into vehicles.The VAD 300 is operable to perform such functions, in support of workprotection systems in accordance with the present disclosure, asbroadcasting signals configured for interfacing with wearable devices(e.g., PADs 100), as well as additional alert related functions, suchalert-related interactions with vehicle operators (e.g., to indicatewhen worker(s) is/are detected, for example by sounding a warning and/orproviding a visual indicators, and/or displaying related information,such as the quantity of workers detected, and the approximate distanceto the workers), logging alert related data, etc.

While VADs may be implemented as singular devices (that is within asingle housing incorporating and/or attaching all components of theVAD), in some implementations, such as the example implementationillustrated in FIG. 3, VADs may be implemented in a distributedmanner—e.g., comprising a plurality of physical units, each of which maybe placed at particular location and/or position, selected for optimalperformance with respect to functions and/or operations provided by thatunit. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the VAD 300 may comprise a VADoperator unit 310, a VAD antenna unit 320, and a VAD (main) controllerunit 330.

The VAD operator unit 310 may comprise components for supportinginteractions with the vehicle operator—e.g., to received user inputand/or provide user feedback relating to operation of the VAD 300 and/orto alerts. For example, the VAD operator unit 310 may comprisesinput/output (I/O) components (and related circuitry and/or supporthardware), such as a display 312 and user controls 314, to enable userinteractions. Further, the VAD operator unit 310 may comprise and/or beoperable to utilize I/O components configured for providing indicationsrelating to triggering of alerts and/or receiving feedback (e.g.,confirmation) relating to such indications. For example, the VADoperator unit 310 may comprise a speaker (not shown), configured forproviding audible indications of triggered alerts, a visual statusindicator (e.g., LED) 318, configured for providing visual indication oftriggered alerts, and a configuration button 316, configured to receiveindication of user acknowledgment (e.g., by pressing the confirmationbutton 316), when alert indication(s) is/are outputted. The usercontrols 314 may comprise various types of user input elements, such asbuttons, dials, etc. for allowing vehicle operator(s) or device users toprovide input, such as to configure the VAD 300 and/or its operations,to respond to alerts (when triggered), etc. The user controls 314 may beimplemented in the form of a touch screen (e.g., as part of the display312), or be implemented with an alpha-numeric display. The display 312(or any type of user interface) may be used to provide the vehicleoperator with various information, such as alert related data (e.g.,indicate the quantity of workers detected, and the approximate distanceto the workers, calculated time till reaching the workers, etc.).

In some instances, rather than incorporating dedicated I/O components,the VAD 300 (or the VAD operator unit 310) may be operable to connect toand use existing I/O components (e.g., displays, speakers, etc.) in thevehicle, thus obviating the need to (and cost of) incorporating suchdedicated components. For example, the VAD operator unit 310 may beoperable to utilize existing audio systems to provide audible indicationof triggered alerts.

The VAD antenna unit 320 may comprise one or more antennas 340 (andrelated circuitry and/or support hardware), configured for use intransmitting and/or receiving signals (e.g., broadcast alert relatedsignals, receiving signal indicating triggering of alerts and/orconfirmation of such alerts by workers, etc.). In some implementations,however, the VAD antenna unit 320 may not incorporate dedicatedantennas, and may instead simply comprise connecting means (e.g.,coaxial connectors for wiring) to existing and/or external antennas inthe vehicle.

The VAD controller unit 330 may comprise suitable circuitry forperforming (remaining) operations and/or functions of the VAD 300. TheVAD controller unit 330 may comprise, for example, one or more mainprocessors 350, a system memory 352, a communication subsystem 354, aninput/output (I/O) subsystem 356, and a logging management component358.

Each main processor 350 may comprise suitable circuitry operable toprocess data, and/or control and/or manage operations of the VAD 300,and/or tasks and/or applications performed therein. In this regard, themain processor 350 may configure and/or control operations of variouscomponents and/or subsystems of the VAD 300, by utilizing, for example,one or more control signals. The main processor 350 may comprise ageneral purpose processor (e.g., CPU), a special purpose processor(e.g., application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), or the like. Thedisclosure, however, is not limited to any particular type ofprocessors. The main processor 350 may enable running and/or executionof applications, programs and/or code, which may be stored, for example,in the system memory 352. Alternatively, one or more dedicatedapplication processors may be utilized for running and/or executingapplications (or programs) in the VAD 300.

The system memory 352 may comprise suitable circuitry for permanentand/or non-permanent storage, buffering, and/or fetching of data, codeand/or other information, which may be used, consumed and/or processed.In this regard, the system memory 352 may comprise different memorytechnologies, including, for example, read-only memory (ROM), randomaccess memory (RAM), Flash memory, solid-state drive (SSD), and/orfield-programmable gate array (FPGA). The disclosure, however, is notlimited to any particular type of memory or storage devices. The systemmemory 352 may store, for example, configuration data, which maycomprise parameters and/or code, comprising software and/or firmware,logging data, etc.

The communication subsystem 354 may comprise suitable circuitry operableto communicate signals from and/or to the electronic device, such as viaone or more wired and/or wireless connections. In this regard, thecommunication subsystem 354 may be configured to support one or morewired or wireless interfaces, protocols, and/or standards, and tofacilitate transmission and/or reception of signals to and/or from theVAD 300, and/or processing of transmitted and/or received signals, inaccordance with the applicable interfaces, protocols, and/or standards.Examples of signal processing operations that may be performed by thecommunication subsystem 354 comprise, for example, filtering,amplification, analog-to-digital conversion and/or digital-to-analogconversion, up-conversion/down-conversion of baseband signals,encoding/decoding, encryption/decryption, and/ormodulation/demodulation. For example, the communication subsystem 354may be configured to support broadcast of alert related signals, via theantenna(s) 340.

The I/O subsystem 356 may comprise suitable circuitry for managing userinteractions with the VAD 300, such as to enable obtaining input fromand/or providing output to device user(s). The I/O subsystem 356 maysupport various types of inputs and/or outputs, including, for example,video, audio, tactile, and/or textual. In this regard, dedicated I/Odevices and/or components, external to (and coupled with) or integratedwithin the VAD 300, may be utilized for inputting and/or outputting dataduring operations of the I/O subsystem 356. Examples of such dedicatedI/O devices may comprise user interface components or devices (e.g., thedisplay 312), audio I/O components (e.g., speakers and/or microphones),mice, keyboards, touch screens (or touchpads), and the like. In someinstances, user input obtained via the I/O subsystem 356, may be used toconfigure and/or modify various functions of particular components orsubsystems of the VAD 300.

The logging management component 358 may comprise suitable circuitry formanaging logging operations in the VAD 300. The logging operations maycomprise compiling log files (stored in the system memory 352)containing data relating to alerts, as described above.

Also, while not shown in FIG. 3, the VAD controller unit 330 may alsocomprise component for managing power supply (e.g., to the VADcontroller unit 330 itself, and/or to other units, such as the VADoperator unit 310).

As noted above, as shown in the example implementation illustrated inFIG. 3, the VAD 300 may be implemented as multi-unit system, comprisingmultiple separate components (the VAD operator unit 310, the VAD antennaunit 320, and the VAD controller 330). In this regard, as noted each ofthe different physical unit may be configured for placement atparticular location and/or position, selected for optimal performancewith respect to functions and/or operations provided by that unit. Forexample, the VAD operator unit 310 may be configured for placementwithin the operator compartment (e.g., train cockpit) at positionoptimal for providing output to and/or receiving input from the operator(e.g., top of the dashboard). The VAD antenna unit 320, may beconfigured for placement outside (and on top) of the engine car. The VADcontroller unit 330 may be configured for placement within the enginecar, but out of the way (for convenience).

As the VAD controller unit 330 may house the bulk of the VAD resources(e.g., processing resources, storage resources, etc.), the VADcontroller 330 may be configured to support connect to and/orcommunicate with the remaining unit(s) and/or available resources thatmay be utilized in support of operations of the VAD 300. For example,the VAD controller unit 330 may comprise data port 340, for enablingconnecting to the VAD 300 for extracting data therefrom (e.g., logfiles) and/or inputting data thereto (e.g., for (re)configuration); apower connector 342 (e.g., drawing power from sources within the train);a VAD operator unit (VOU) connector 344; configured for connecting tothe VAD operator unit 320 (e.g., to provide power thereto, exchange datatherewith, etc.); one or more antenna connectors 346 (e.g., forconnecting to the VAD antenna unit 320, existing antennas in the train,etc.); one or more GNSS connectors 348, for connecting to existing GNSSsystems (or transceivers); etc.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example wayside detection unit (WDU), inaccordance with the present disclosure. Shown in FIG. 4 is a waysidedetection unit (WDU) 400.

The WDU 400 may comprise suitable one or more of hardware (includingcircuitry and/or other hardware components), software, and combinationthereof for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure,particularly with respect to the wayside detection and/or alert relatedfunctions in support of worker protection solutions. The WDU 400 may bea particular example implementation of the WDU 130, as described withrespect to FIGS. 1A and 1B. In this regard, as noted above WDUs may beconfigured as portable (moveable) devices that are placed along theexpected path (e.g., train tracks) of vehicles that may pose safetythreats to workers at particular locations. The WDU 400 is operable toperform such functions, in support of work protection systems inaccordance with the present disclosure, as detecting approachingvehicles, triggering alerts at wearable devices (e.g., by broadcastingsignals configured for interfacing with the wearable devices (e.g., PADs100) to trigger the alerts thereby), and triggering critical alarms whena train enters a work area, as well as additional alert relatedfunctions, such logging alert related data, etc.

In the example implementation illustrated in FIG. 4, the WDU 400 maycomprise a housing 410 for enclosing various components of the WDU 400and/or allowing attachment to certain external elements or structures.The housing 410 may be constructed to be suitable for the intendedoperation environment and/or conditions of the WDU 400 (e.g., beingconstructed to be very rigid, to withstand accidental impacts duringdeployment and/or when it knocked down), and to withstand environmentalconditions associated with outside/external use (e.g., rain, extremecold/heat), etc.). The WDU 400 has one or more antennas 440, used intransmitting and/or receiving signals (e.g., broadcast alert relatedsignals). Further, the WDU 400 may have sensory elements, such as atrain detector 430. In this regard, the train detector 430 may beoperable to monitor, detect, and track approaching vehicle, using one ormore suitable technologies (e.g., visual, infrared, laser ranging,etc.), and/or to enable generating corresponding data (distance,relative speed, etc.). The WDU 400 typically would also comprise (or canbe coupled to) a support structure 420, such as a rigid tripod, toenable placement of the WDU 400, such as near train tracks.

Internally, the WDU 400 may comprise suitable circuitry for performingvarious operations in support of its functions. For example, the WDU 400may comprise one or more main processors 450, a system memory 452, acommunication subsystem 454, a sensor management component 456, and alogging management component 458.

Each main processor 450 may comprise suitable circuitry operable toprocess data, and/or control and/or manage operations of the WDU 400,and/or tasks and/or applications performed therein. In this regard, themain processor 450 may configure and/or control operations of variouscomponents and/or subsystems of the WDU 400, by utilizing, for example,one or more control signals. The main processor 450 may comprise ageneral purpose processor (e.g., CPU), a special purpose processor(e.g., application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), or the like. Thedisclosure, however, is not limited to any particular type ofprocessors. The main processor 450 may enable running and/or executionof applications, programs and/or code, which may be stored, for example,in the system memory 452. Alternatively, one or more dedicatedapplication processors may be utilized for running and/or executingapplications (or programs) in the WDU 400.

The system memory 452 may comprise suitable circuitry for permanentand/or non-permanent storage, buffering, and/or fetching of data, codeand/or other information, which may be used, consumed and/or processed.In this regard, the system memory 452 may comprise different memorytechnologies, including, for example, read-only memory (ROM), randomaccess memory (RAM), Flash memory, solid-state drive (SSD), and/orfield-programmable gate array (FPGA). The disclosure, however, is notlimited to any particular type of memory or storage devices. The systemmemory 452 may store, for example, configuration data, which maycomprise parameters and/or code, comprising software and/or firmware,logging data, etc.

The communication subsystem 454 may comprise suitable circuitry operableto communicate signals from and/or to the electronic device, such as viaone or more wired and/or wireless connections. In this regard, thecommunication subsystem 454 may be configured to support one or morewired or wireless interfaces, protocols, and/or standards, and tofacilitate transmission and/or reception of signals to and/or from theWDU 400, and/or processing of transmitted and/or received signals, inaccordance with the applicable interfaces, protocols, and/or standards.Examples of signal processing operations that may be performed by thecommunication subsystem 454 comprise, for example, filtering,amplification, analog-to-digital conversion and/or digital-to-analogconversion, up-conversion/down-conversion of baseband signals,encoding/decoding, encryption/decryption, and/ormodulation/demodulation. For example, the communication subsystem 454may be configured to support broadcast of alert related signals, via theantenna(s) 440.

The sensor management component 456 may comprise suitable circuitry formanaging sensors, such as the train detector 430. For example, thesensor management component 456 may control the selection of detectionand ranging technology implemented by the train detector 430, set theparameters required for its operations, and/or process informationobtained via the train detector 430, to generate corresponding data(e.g., distance to approaching train, relative speed, etc.).

The logging management component 458 may comprise suitable circuitry formanaging logging operations in the WDU 400. The logging operations maycomprise compiling log files (stored in the system memory 452)containing data relating to alerts, as described above.

The WDU 400 may comprise a data port 460 for extracting data (e.g., logfiles) from and/or inputting data (e.g., (re)configuration data) intothe WDU 400.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example safety vest, in accordance with thepresent disclosure. Shown in FIG. 5 is a worker safety vest 500.

The safety vest 500 may be configured for use in (and/or in conjunctionwith) worker protection systems, such as radio (RF) based workerprotection systems. For example, the safety vest 500 may be used inconjunction with the worker protection system 100 described in FIG. 1.In this regard, the safety vest 500 may be used in lieu of the portablealert devices (PADs) 110. As such, the safety vest 500 may be configuredto perform functions, and/or may be incorporate (where possible)components or features, described above with respect to the portablealert devices (PADs). The disclosure is not limited to the workerprotection systems described above, however, and as such the safety vest500 may be used in any suitable worker protection system that maysupport operations and use of the safety vest 500 as described.

Such worker protection systems (including, e.g., the system(s) describedwith respect to FIGS. 1-4) typically comprise transmitter—receiverpair(s), with the transmitter(s) affixed to the vehicle posing threat tothe works (e.g., construction vehicles or trains) and/or near theworksite (e.g., on or near train tracks—that is, wayside), and theworkers wearing receiver(s) on their body to allow notification of thewarning, such as in response to receiving signals from the transmitters.In such systems, under particular conditions (e.g., when receivingsignals from the transmitter(s)), warnings to the users may betriggered, such as in the form of one or more of audio warning (e.g.,chirps), vibration, visual warning (e.g., using a constant or flashinglight), etc.

In some instances, requiring workers to wear receiving devices may posesome challenges and/or have some disadvantages, however. For example, insome working conditions, the receiving devices may be placed in an areawhich is not optimum for receiving the warnings such as a pocket. Also,receiving devices may be dropped or lost without warning (and withoutthe workers realizing that). Further, in some instances, the receivingdevices may interfere with work being performed.

Accordingly, the present disclosure provides solutions that ensureperforming the “receiver” functions needed in worker protection systems,while addressing possible challenges and/or disadvantage that may arisewith use of dedicated and separate receiver devices. Further, this maydone in manner that ensure proper reception of the signal from thetransmitter(s), such as by ensuring that components required forreceiving the signals be within a “line of sight” to the transmitter(s),without any part of the worker's body interfering with this sight line.For example, may be done by incorporating components pertinent to thereceiver related functions into items or equipment workers typically usein work areas, such as safety vests.

In various example implementations, functions and/or componentssupporting such functions relating to the worker receiver component ofthe worker protection device are integrated seamlessly into safetyvests, which worker are already wear in work sites. The safety vest 500illustrated in FIG. 5 represents such example implementation.

As shown in FIG. 5, the safety vest 500 incorporates various modulesthat are required for performing the worker protection receiverfunctions, such as radio receiver (or transceiver) 510, antenna system520, acknowledge component 530, and a power source (e.g., rechargeableor disposable battery pack) 540.

While not shown in FIG. 5, the safety vest 500 also comprise one or moresuitable components for providing warnings (or safety indicationmessages/signals) to the worker. For example, the safety vest 500 mayincorporate a visual indicator (e.g., LED), an audio indicator (e.g.,speaker), a vibration element, etc., which may be integrated into thesafety vest 500, and may be configured to provide suitable indications(e.g., visual, audible, vibration, etc.) in response to triggering ofalerts.

The radio receiver 510 may comprise suitable circuitry for handlingreception (and, optionally, transmission) of signals, includingperforming necessary signal processing operations. The radio receiver510 (or another separate component—not shown in FIG. 5) may alsocomprise suitable circuitry for providing other functions, such asstoring data (including code), running and/or executing variousapplications and/or functions (e.g., alert related), power management,logging, handling input/output functions (e.g., supporting differentforms of alert indications, including visual, audio, and/or tactile, andhandling user input, such as acknowledges of alerts), and the like.

The acknowledge component 530 may be configured to receive and recognizeindications of user acknowledgment in response to warning indications(e.g., by pressing the acknowledge component 530), when alertindication(s) are outputted.

The various components may be arranged and/or distributed through thevest to maintain overall balance, and ensure that the added weight isnot noticed by the worker.

The antenna system 520 may be arranged to ensure optimal performance. Inthis regard, as the worker moves around, parts of the worker's body maybecome out of the signal line of sight. Thus, to ensure that signals arecontinually received, the antenna structures may be arranged on variousparts of the vest, such as on the front, side and rear of the vest. Thisensures that at least a part of the antenna system 520 is always insignal line of sight, no matter where the corresponding transmitter(s)may be located in relation to the worker. This structure/design of theantenna system 520 may also allow for other features. For example, thisstructure may also accommodate a “diversified” antennaconfiguration/operation, such that alternate antennas are activatedperiodically to ensure that the strongest signal would be received.

Other embodiments of the invention may provide a non-transitory computerreadable medium and/or storage medium, and/or a non-transitory machinereadable medium and/or storage medium, having stored thereon, a machinecode and/or a computer program having at least one code sectionexecutable by a machine and/or a computer, thereby causing the machineand/or computer to perform the processes as described herein.

Accordingly, various embodiments in accordance with the presentinvention may be realized in hardware, software, or a combination ofhardware and software. The present invention may be realized in acentralized fashion in at least one computing system, or in adistributed fashion where different elements are spread across severalinterconnected computing systems. Any kind of computing system or otherapparatus adapted for carrying out the methods described herein issuited. A typical combination of hardware and software may be ageneral-purpose computing system with a program or other code that, whenbeing loaded and executed, controls the computing system such that itcarries out the methods described herein. Another typical implementationmay comprise an application specific integrated circuit or chip.

Various embodiments in accordance with the present invention may also beembedded in a computer program product, which comprises all the featuresenabling the implementation of the methods described herein, and whichwhen loaded in a computer system is able to carry out these methods.Computer program in the present context means any expression, in anylanguage, code or notation, of a set of instructions intended to cause asystem having an information processing capability to perform aparticular function either directly or after either or both of thefollowing: a) conversion to another language, code or notation; b)reproduction in a different material form.

While the present invention has been described with reference to certainembodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art thatvarious changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted withoutdeparting from the scope of the present invention. In addition, manymodifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material tothe teachings of the present invention without departing from its scope.Therefore, it is intended that the present invention not be limited tothe particular embodiment disclosed, but that the present invention willinclude all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A worker protection system comprising: a safetyvest configured for use by a worker, the safety vest comprising: a powersupply for powering components of the safety vest; one or more antennasconfigured for at least receiving wireless signals; one or more circuitsconfigured for processing signals and data, and for performing one ormore functions relating to operation of the safety vest; wherein: theone or more antennas receive wireless signals from one or moretransmitting devices; and the one or more circuits: process the receivedsignals; generate based on the received signals, a safety alert; andprovide one or more alert indications to the worker based on the safetyalert.
 2. The worker protection system of claim 1, wherein the one ormore circuits determine based on the processing of the received signalswhen alert conditions exist; and generate the safety alert based ondetermining that the alert condition exist.
 3. The worker protectionsystem of claim 1, wherein the one or more antennas are arranged toensure reception of signals from any direction.
 4. The worker protectionsystem of claim 3, wherein the one or more antennas are arranged onfront, sides, and back of the safety vest.
 5. The worker protectionsystem of claim 1, wherein the one or more antennas are configured foruse of diversity during the reception and/or transmission of wirelesssignals.
 6. The worker protection system of claim 1, wherein the one ormore circuits log data relating to alerts triggered and/or handled bythe safety vest.
 7. The worker protection system of claim 1, wherein thepower supply comprises a rechargeable power supply.
 8. The workerprotection system of claim 7, wherein the rechargeable power supply isoperable to recharge without direct connection.
 9. The worker protectionsystem of claim 1, wherein the safety vest comprises one or moreacknowledgment components, configured for receiving input from theworker, to indicate acknowledgment of the safety alert.
 10. The workerprotection system of claim 1, wherein the safety vest output comprisesone or more indicator components.
 11. The worker protection system ofclaim 10, wherein one or more circuits output the one or more alertindications via the one or more indicator components.
 12. The workerprotection system of claim 10, wherein one or more circuits configurethe one or more alert indications for outputting via the one or moreindicator components.
 13. The worker protection system of claim 10,wherein the one or more indicator components comprise at least one ofvisual indicator, audio indicator, and a tactile indicator.
 14. A safetyvest for use in worker protection systems, the safety vest comprising: apower supply for powering components of the safety vest; one or moreantennas configured for at least receiving wireless signals; one or morecircuits configured for processing received signals and generatingsafety alerts based on the processing of the received signals; and oneor more indicator components configured for one or more alertindications to the worker based on the safety alerts.
 15. The safetyvest of claim 14, wherein the one or more antennas are arranged toensure reception of signals from any direction.
 16. The safety vest ofclaim 14, wherein the one or more antennas are arranged on front, sides,and back of the safety vest.
 17. The safety vest of claim 14, whereinthe one or more antennas are configured for use of diversity during thereception and/or transmission of wireless signals.
 18. The safety vestof claim 14, wherein the power supply comprises a rechargeable powersupply.
 19. The safety vest of claim 18, wherein the rechargeable powersupply is operable to recharge without direct connection.
 20. The safetyvest of claim 14, wherein the safety vest comprises one or moreacknowledgment components, configured for receiving input from theworker, to indicate acknowledgment of the safety alert.